Exact population: 3,090,150 (July 2012 est.) Literacy: Total population: 75.8%; male: 83.1%; female: 67.2% Ethnicities: Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African Land boundaries: Total: 1,374 km; border countries: Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km Terrain: Central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south Extremes: Lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m; highest point: Jabal Shams 2,980 m Imports: UAE 21.2%, Japan 16.6%, UK 8.4%, Italy 6%, Germany 5.1%, US 4.7% (2004) Exports: China 29.5%, South Korea 17.5%, Japan 11.5%, Thailand 10.6%, UAE 7.2% (2004) Industries: Crude oil production and refining, natural and liquefied natural gas (LNG) production, construction, cement, copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber
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 "Bandiera di Oman")
 "Mappa di Oman")
 "Mappa del mondo di Oman")
 "Denaro da Oman")