Exact population: 48,846,823 (July 2006 est.) Literacy: Total population: 97.9%; male: 99.2%; female: 96.6% Ethnicities: Homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese) Land boundaries: Total: 238 km; border countries: North Korea 238 km Terrain: Mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south Extremes: Lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m; highest point: Halla-san 1,950 m Imports: Japan 20.6%, China 13.2%, US 12.9%, Saudi Arabia 5.3% (2004) Exports: China 19.7%, US 17%, Japan 8.6%, Hong Kong 7.2% (2004) Industries: Electronics, telecommunications, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel